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Turkey: Universities

Last modified: 2024-11-30 by ian macdonald
Keywords: university | council of higher education |
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Council of Higher Education

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Flag of YÖK - Image by Ivan Sache, 10 June 2017

Higher education in Turkey was restructured in 1981 by the Law on Higher Education (No. 2,547) (English translation), enacted on 4 November 1981 and published on 6 November 1981 in the Turkish official gazette, No. 17,506.
Article 6a of the Law establishes the Council of Higher Education (Yükseköğretim Kurulu - YÖK) as "an autonomous body with legal status which governs all higher education, directs the activities of the institutions of higher education, within the context of duties and powers given by this law."
Article 6b of the Law establishes the composition of YÖK as follows:
- Seven members selected by the President of the Republic, preferably among former Rectors and distinguished professors;
- Seven members selected by the Council of Ministers, among distinguished, high-ranking civil servants, either active or retired (with the approval of the Ministry of Justice and their personal consent in the case of judges or prosecutors);
- Seven professors selected by the Inter-university Board among non- members of the Board.
The memberships of those selected and nominated become final upon the approval of the President of the Republic.

The flag of YÖK (photo, photo, photo, photo, photo, photo, photo) is white with the council's emblem.

Ivan Sache, 10 June 2017

Universities in Turkey

In 2014, Turkey counted 104 state universities, 72 non-profit foundation universities, 8 independent post-secondary vocational schools and 6 other higher education institutions (e.g. military and police academies).
[Higher Education System in Turkey (2014)]

Ivan Sache, 10 June 2017

State universities

Foundation universities

Suppressed universities

In the aftermath of the aborted coup of 15 June 2016, 15 universities were closed down by the Decree proclaiming the State of Emergency, adopted on 23 June 2016, for alleged links with the Fethullahist Terrorist Organization (FETÖ, the name given to the Gülen movement by the Turkish government). Another 35 five health institutions, 43 private educational institutes, 229 foundations and associations and 19 trade unions were closed by the same Decree.

Ivan Sache, 20 September 2020