Last modified: 2019-09-14 by ivan sache
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Flag of Granátula de Calatrava - Image by Eduardo Panizo, Vexilla Hispanica, 17 May 2019
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The municipality of Granátula de Calatrava (819 inhabitants in 2016; 15,265 ha) is located 35 km south-east of Ciudad Real and 15 km south of Almagro.
Granátula de Granátula is located in a former volcanic area. The first
volcano-museum in Spain was inaugurated on 15 April 2016 in the Cerro
Gordo (lit., Fat Hill), a volcano located between Granátula de Calatrava
and Valenzuela de Calatrava. The project (website) is managed jointly by the municipality of Granátula de Calatrava and the Asociación para el Desarrollo del Campo de Calatrava, on an area of 2,000 m2 offered by Lafargue Holcim, the company that exploits a quarry in the volcano.
Scientific support is supplied by the Grevlo (Geomorfología, Territorio
y Paisaje en Regiones Volcánicas) group at the University of Castilla-La
Mancha, chaired by Elena González Cárdenas, and the Centro de Estudios
Calatravos, led by Lorenzo Sánchez Messeguer.
[Mi Ciudad Real, 15 April 2016]
The archeological site of Oreto-Zuqueca is located near the chapel of
Nuestra Señora de Oreto, 5 km south of the village of Granátula.
Excavations performed in 1975-1976 revealed that Cerro Domínguez has
been the site of continuous human settlement from the 4th century BC to
the 12th century. A commemorative stone kept in the Town Hall of Almagro
says that Publius Baebius Venusto, from Oreto, offered 80,000 sesterces
to build the bridge named for him; the stone is dated from the late
1st-early 2nd century. Local authors claim that Oreto had a temple,
allegedly dedicated to Proserpina, a theater, and a circus, of unknown
exact location. The chapel of Oreto-Zuqueca was built on the foundations
of a paleochristian baptistery. A stone found on Cerro de Oreto, dated
387, mentions a grain barn; the stone is decorated with a chrismon and
letters "A" and "Ω", indicating that the place was already a sanctuary.
Some sources report that Oreto-Zuqueco was the capital of the Visigoth
province of Oretania and the see of a bishopric, as were Castulo and
Mentesa. Eight bishops of Oreto are known as attendees to councils
organized in Toledo from 589 to 693. The tombstone of Bishop Amador was found on the neighbouring Cerro de los Obispos (Bishops' Hill);
according to the writing, Amador served as a bishop for one year and ten
months and died on 9 February 652 (614 according to modern calendar),
during the second year of reign of King Sisebut. Excavations started in
1996 yielded a necropolis and remains of buildings, confirming the
presence of a significant Visigoth settlement.
[Ciudad-Real.es]
Granátula de Calatrava is the birth place of General Baldomero Espartero
(1793-1879), "the man who would not be king".
Espartero significantly secured the triumph of the party of Queen Isabel
II (1830-1904) and her mother, Regent Maria Christina (1806-1898) during
the First Carlist War (1833-1839). After a decisive battle won in 1836
in Luchana, several other wins prompted the Carlist General Rafael
Maroto (1783-1853) to sign on 29 August 1839 the Oñata Agreement, which
ended the war. The next year, Espartero suppressed in Morella a last
Carlist attempt. As a reward, Espartero was made Count of Luchana, Duke
of the Victory, Grandee of Spain, Viscount of Banderas, and Knight of
the Golden Fleece.
Appointed President of the Council by the Queen Regent, Espartero
opposed to her conservatism. He organized uprisings in Barcelona and Madrid, which forced the Queen Regent to abdicate on 1 March 1840. Appointed Regent by the Cortes on 8 March 1840, Espartero established a
personal rule, governing in the name of Isabel II. In 1843, the violent
repression of the Barcelona uprising and pressure put on the Cortes
definitively tarnished Espatero's reputation. The insurrection spread to
several regions of Spain. On 23 July 1843, General Narváez (1800-1868)
entered Madrid and released the young queen. Espartero escaped and
exiled to the United Kingdom.
In 1847, Queen Isabel II pardoned Espartero and appointed him Senator
and Ambassador in London. Back to Logroño in 1849, he retired from
public life for a while. In 1868, the September Revolution ended with
the abdication of Isabel II; Espartero was proposed the throne by
General Prim (1814-1870), which he wisely refused, arguing that after
such an adventurous life, he was too old to serve more than the Mayor of
Logroño.
[WikiRioja]
General Espartero is honored in his birth village by an equestrian
statue designed in 1991 by the sculptor José Lillo Galiani (b. 1948).
The statue was modeled on the two old statutes, nearly identical,
designed in Madrid (1886) and Logroño (1895) by Pablo Gibert y Roig. The
alleged oversized testicles of the horse were a matter of dispute
between the Mayor and the sculptor, who refused to decrease their size,
for the sake of respect for the old statues.
[ABC, 6 January 2014]
Ivan Sache, 17 May 2019
The flag of Granátula de Calatrava is prescribed by an Order issued on
28 November 2006 by the Government of Castilla-La Mancha and published
on 11 December 2006 in the official gazette of Castilla-La Mancha, No.
256, p. 27,281 (text).
The flag is described as follows:
Flag: Rectangular in proportions 2:3, horizontally divided in three stripes, the central stripe twice wider than the other ones, the outer stripes, red, and the central stripe, white, charged in the center with the municipal coat of arms in full colors.
The Royal Academy of History validated the proposed flag "without
inconvenience". On the arms, the pomegranate should be argent, as
approved in 1960, following the drawing published in the Bulletin of the
Royal Academy of History (1964. 95, 97), of better aesthetic.
[Boletín de la Real Academia de la Historia 203:2, 193-194. 2006]
The coat of arms of Granátula de Calatrava is prescribed by Decree No. 1,708, issued on 7 September 1960 by the Spanish Government and published on 15 September 1960 in the Spanish official gazette, No. 222, p. 13,002 (text). The coat of arms is not described in the Decree
Ivan Sache, 17 May 2019