Last modified: 2012-10-19 by pete loeser
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Free City and Free Imperial City were synonymous expressions. The imperial cities were concentrated in Swabia; outside that region there were just a few — in the 17th and 18th centuries Nuremberg, Regensburg, Schweinfurt, Frankfurt, (Donauwörth), Rothenburg, Worms, Speyer, Wetzlar, Muehlhausen, Nordhausen, Goslar, Aachen, Cologne, Dortmund, Bremen, Hamburg and Lübeck. The list did undergo changes; in the middle ages Nijmegen and Duisburg belonged to the list.
Alexander Ganse, 12 November 2001
With respect to Cologne, Mainz and Trier, the flags I cited were those of the electors (who were the prince bishops). I don't know if the Imperial Cities had flags during this period, but if they did, I don't have the data.
Norman Martin, 28 Feb 2002
A black St. George cross on a white flag. In use from 14th century until the late 18th century.
Norman Martin, Apr 1998
After the Napoleonic era, Cologne became part of Prussia in 1815.
Santiago Dotor, 27 Feb 2001
Without concrete evidence to the contrary, I find this attribution [to the city of Cologne] doubtful. The traditional colours of the city are red and white. The black cross does however appear in the arms of the archdiocese of Cologne
(Erzbistum Köln), see for instance the arms of the present-day Rhein-Erft-Kreis County.
Stefan Schwoon, 28 Feb 2002
A white wheel on a red field. In use from 14th century until the late
18th century.
Norman Martin, Apr 1998
After the Napoleonic era, Mainz became part of Hesse-Darmstadt
in 1816.
Santiago Dotor, 27 Feb 2001
Editor's note: see also the nowadays city of Mainz (Stadt Mainz).
Colors red-yellow. In use during the Napoleonic era. Created 31 January 1803.
Norman Martin, Apr 1998
From Brockhaus Kleines Konversations-Lexikon 1914 (my translation):
I understand that the Principality of Rheine-Wolbeck passed to Prussia
at some point after 1840 and was divided between Provinz Westfalen and Provinz Hannover.
Santiago Dotor, 19 July 2000
The Principality of Rheina-Wolbeck was formed in 1803 (Reichsdeputationshauptschluss) as a compensation for his territories lost to France for the duke of Looz and Corswaren. The Principality became in 1806 part of the grandduchy of Berg (for the General Murat), came in 1811 to France, and in 1915 to Prussia.
Source: Gerhard Koebler, Historisches Lexikon der deutschen Laender,
5th edition, Muenchen 1995.
A. Birken, 21 Aug 2002
Rhine Confederation: no Confederate flag. The French flag was used. Napoleon was the Protector and used his personal standard.
Jaume Ollé, 23 Aug 1998
Colors blue-white-blue. Probably traditionally in use and certainly used after the arrival of French troops. Use abandoned 16 March 1798, when the county was annexed.
Norman Martin, Apr 1998
Existed between 1803 to 1806. Supposed flag (Flag
Bulletin no. 102).
Jaume Ollé, 23 Aug 1998
Granted to Jerôme Bonaparte. Lucien Philippe gives white over blue flag (1807-1813). Also white over dark red is reported.
Jaume Ollé, 1998
Unknown dates. Light blue over yellow.
Jaume Ollé, 1998
Image by Jaume Ollé, 25 Aug 1998
Principality created 1784. Transferred to Nassau 1806, and included in the Prussian Rhenish territory in 1815, as a mediated principality. The flag is the Nassau one, with a yellow canton with the dynastic symbol. Reconstructed image.
Jaume Ollé, 25 Aug 1998