Last modified: 2020-09-26 by ivan sache
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![[Flag]](../images/t/tr_msb.gif)
Flag of the Ministry of National Defense - Image by Tomislav Šipek, 2 September 2019
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The flag of the Ministry of National Defense (photo) is white with the ministry's emblem.
Tomislav Šipek, 2 September 2019
Former flag of the Ministry of National Defense
![[Flag]](../images/t/tr_msb1.gif)
Former flag of the Ministry of National Defense - Image by Tomislav Šipek, 5 October 2015
The former flag of the Ministry of National Defense (photo) was red with the ministry's emblem in the middle.
Tomislav Šipek, 5 October 2015
![[Flag]](../images/t/tr^ssm.png)
Flag of SSM - Image by Tomislav Šipek, 15 October 2015
The flag of SSM (photo) is white with the SSM's coat of arms.
Tomislav Šipek, 15 October 2015
![[Flag]](../images/t/tr_hgk.png)
Flag of HGK - Image by Tomislav Šipek, 12 October 2015
The flag of the General Command of Mapping (photo) is red with the command's emblem in the middle.
Tomislav Šipek, 12 October 2015
![[Flag]](../images/t/tr_msun.gif)
Flag of MSÜ - Image by Tomislav Šipek, 12 July 2020
The Turkish National Defense University (website) was established by Decree-Law No. 669 and issued on 31 July 2016, as “Taking Measure within the State of Emergency and Foundation of National Defense University and some other Amendments”. The Decree-Law abrogated the Law on War Colleges; War Academies, Military High Schools, and NCO Preparation Schools were closed (as part of the purges that followed the aborted coup against state institutions). The Decree Law was enacted by Law No. 6,756 promulgated on 9 November 2016.
The university's Rectorate was inaugurated on 9 January 2017 in the campus of the former War Academies Command, located in Yenilevent (İstanbul).
MSÜ, placed under the Ministry of National Defense, is composed of academic units affiliated to the university's Rectorate, established by Decree No. 9,522 issued on 14 November 2016, as follows:
a) Military Academy, Naval Academy, Air Force Academy
b) Army NCO Vocational HE School, Naval Petty Officer Vocational HE School, Air NCO Vocational HE School, Band NCO Vocational HE School
c) Army War College, Naval War College, Air War College, Joint War College, Atatürk Institute of Strategic Studies, Alparslan Defense Sciences Institute, Barbaros Naval Science and Engineering Institute, Hezarfen Aeronautics and Space Technologies Institute, National Defense and Security Institute, Fatih Institute of Military History.
The flag of MSÜ (photo, photo, photo, photo, photo, photo) is red with the university's emblem.
Tomislav Šipek & Flag of the former Turkish War Academies - Image by Tomislav Šipek, 9 October 2015 The flag of the Turkish War Academies (photo) was red with the academies' coat of arms. Tomislav Šipek, 9 October 2015 Flag of MKE, two versions - Image by Tomislav Todorović, 14 June 2020 MMakina ve Kimya Endüstrisi Kurumu (MKE Kurumu / MKEK; website) was first established as
Makina ve Kimya Endüstrisi, (MKE - Machinery and Chemical
Industry), more formally MKE Kurumu Genel Müdürlüğü (General
Directorate of MKE Institution) on March 8 (other sources mention
March 5), 1950 by Law No. 5591). It is in charge of meeting all kinds of weapons, ammunition, rockets, tools and equipment
needs of the Turkish Armed Forces. The institution
operates in the field of defense industry and is a public economic
enterprise (State-owned company) under the Ministry of National
Defense. The flag of MKE is blue with the corporation's logo, in yellow (photo), or yellow with the corporation's emblem in blue (photo), also used vertically. Tomislav Šipek, Ivan Sache & Esteban Rivera, 10 June 2020
Former Turkish War Academies
![[Flag]](../images/t/tr^tha.gif)
Mechanical and Chemical Industry Corporation
![[Flag]](../images/t/tr^mke.gif)
![[Flag]](../images/t/tr^mke1.gif)
The company has its roots in other factories such as the
establishment in the second half of the 15th century during Mehmed II's reign (1451-1481) of Top Döküm Tesislerini (Top Casting Facilities), as well as the
establishment of Tophane-i Amire (Tophane's [Imperial] Armory) in İstanbul. The latter was reorganized in 1832 as the Tophane Müşavirliği (Arsenal of
Ordnance and Artillery Marshalship) (other sources cite Tophane
Müşirliği - Tophane Consultancy) and even Tophane-i Amire
Müşirliği (Tophane Armory Consultancy) and was later formed
as an independent Department within the Ministry of War in 1908, called Tophane-i Amire Nazırlığı (Directorate of Tophane Armory). Shortly afterwards, in 1909, it was renamed as İmalat-ı Harbiye Müdüriyeti Umumiyesi (General
Directorate of Manufacturing Warfare). In 1921 it was reorganized as
Askeri Fabrikalar Umum Müdürlüğü (General Directorate of
Military Factories). Afterwards, it was late reformed by Decree Law
No. 233 on State (Public) Economic Enterprises, SEE's, of June 8, 1984
(other sources mention Decree Law No. 105 and No. 1983 of June 18,
1984).
MKE is currently composed of two Directorates and ten factories countrywide.
[Wikipedia]